Police
uniforms are essential for the preventative aspect of policing, and
also for the immediate recognition of authority. Having officers be
recognizable allows people to seek them for aid when necessary, but
also became a way for criminals to pose as an officer and fool people
into security while a crime is committed. The most notable occurrence
of criminals posing as police was during the St. Valentine’s Day
Massacre, which thrust Al Capone into the public, and FBI spotlight.
During the prohibition of alcohol, many gangs vied to
deliver and control alcohol in their cities, the largest and most dangerous
gangs being in Chicago. Al Capone controlled one gang, and George “Bugs”
Moran the other. Both had tried to kill each other, and were continually
vying to take over the other’s power and territory. When one of
Capone’s senior advisors, Jack “Machine Gun” McGurn,
had an attempt on his life, Capone funded an assassination on Moran.
McGurn went to great lengths to prepare and plan for the assassination
of Moran, finding his garage hideout and arranging for a liquor hijacker
to meet Moran at the garage for a deal.
The most important part of the plan involved two police
uniforms and a patrol car. When lookouts mistakenly verified that Moran
had entered the premises, four men – two in police uniforms –
pulled up in a police car. They entered the garage, and Moran’s
gang, seeing the uniforms and thinking it was one of the increasingly
common police raids, allowed their guns to be surrendered and lined
up facing a wall only to be brutally shot to death. When the two assassins
in police uniforms came out holding guns to the backs of the other two
assassins, observers thought it was a routine raid as well, allowing
the perpetrators to escape. After the massacre was discovered, the police
were believed to have committed it for weeks, temporarily damaging the
already tarnished impression of the Chicago police department.
Despite the risk of fraud, police uniforms are essential
for the protection of officers and citizens alike. All uniformed officers
should have a visible badge and a proper identification card that corresponds
with the badge number. Every police officer must furnish this information
upon request. Most police uniforms are black or blue, or a combination
of both, with traffic police uniforms having reflective strips, or one
bright color such as neon yellow or orange, for added visibility.
The common blue uniforms of police has earned them the
nick-name the “boys in blue”. The uniforms often contain
a certain style of hat as well – the style varies by location
and type of station. A Highway Patrol officer in Nevada wears a much
different hat and uniform than a police officer in London. But the functionality
of the police uniform is similar, many allowing bullet proof vests to
be comfortably worn underneath, and all of them having many pockets
and places to fasten the various tools any officers uses.
The utility belt often is the most important part of the
uniform. Most police belts have a holster for a pistol, a place for
multiple hand-cuffs, a place for a baton, extra cartridges and bullets,
pepper spray and possibly a taser. Once filled with all the supplies,
it provides everything an officer needs to keep the peace in normal
circumstance. A uniform provides the functionality and visibility that
every police officer or agent of the law needs.